{"id":18427,"date":"2019-11-15T16:09:41","date_gmt":"2019-11-15T21:09:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thepapergown.zocdoc.com\/?p=18427"},"modified":"2023-03-03T15:25:03","modified_gmt":"2023-03-03T20:25:03","slug":"everything-you-need-to-know-about-ambulances","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/everything-you-need-to-know-about-ambulances\/","title":{"rendered":"Everything You Need to Know About Ambulances"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2014, while driving home from the gym, Edie Weinstein grew dizzy and started sweating. She also felt an intense tightness in her jaw. Heart disease runs in her family, so Weinstein recognized the telltale signs \u2014 she was having a heart attack.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But instead of pulling over and calling 911, she decided to drive herself to the hospital. \u201cI thought, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I can\u2019t afford an ambulance, and the hospital is less than 10 minutes away,<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d she says. At the hospital, Weinstein, who lives in Philadelphia, was whisked off to the cardiac catheterization lab. Doctors ended up inserting a stent in her coronary artery, which was completely blocked. Later, hospital staff, friends and family scolded her for driving herself.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cI know now I could have hurt somebody on the road,\u201d Weinstein says. What\u2019s more, in an ambulance, if she\u2019d gone into full cardiac arrest and stopped breathing, a paramedic could have performed CPR on her and administered oxygen. They also could have started an IV, to save time at the hospital, and given her a variety of cardiac drugs.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uber\u2019s entry into a city <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www2.ku.edu\/~kuwpaper\/2017Papers\/201708.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">reduced ambulance use by 7 percent.<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weinstein, however, wasn\u2019t wrong to fear a sky-high bill. A recent study found that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamainternalmedicine\/fullarticle\/2740802?guestaccesskey=9fba6e0c-f029-401a-9675-737db3e67b5d&amp;utm_source=for_the_media&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=ftm_links&amp;utm_content=tfl&amp;utm_term=081219&amp;alert=article\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">86 percent of encounters with ambulance services<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> resulted in an out-of-network bill to the patient, making a ride to the hospital a costly experience. To avoid these expenses, it\u2019s not uncommon for patients to forgo ambulance transport; recently, more people have been taking a rideshare to the hospital.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One study found Uber\u2019s entry into a city <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www2.ku.edu\/~kuwpaper\/2017Papers\/201708.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">reduced ambulance use by 7 percent.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For patients, it\u2019s important to understand exactly what emergency medical technicians can do, when an ambulance ride is critical and when it can be skipped.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cEMTs address immediate life threats and transport someone to the hospital,\u201d says Jay Bell, who works as an EMT for a volunteer ambulance company in Mahwah, New Jersey. \u201cWe\u2019re there to help, but we\u2019re not doctors or mobile urgent care.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>When should you call an ambulance?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ambulances are meant for people who are seriously ill or hurt and need immediate medical attention, what EMTs call \u201clife- or limb-threatening.\u201d An ambulance is the right choice if someone isn\u2019t breathing, is unconscious, is experiencing severe bleeding or chest pain, has a serious burn, is having a stroke or heart attack, or may have a spinal injury from a car crash or other type of fall. (That\u2019s just a partial list of scenarios that warrant an ambulance.) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calling an ambulance for a minor injury like a sprained ankle can keep EMTs from answering more critical calls. \u201cIf somebody has a heart attack at that same moment, we can\u2019t be there for them,\u201d Bell says.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIt\u2019s really the luck of the draw. Are you going to get the paid company or the volunteer company?\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bell often gets calls about diarrhea, typically from the flu or food poisoning. If a patient loses control of their bowels in his ambulance, the vehicle is out of commission for 30 minutes while workers decontaminate it. So, if a person is breathing and there\u2019s no life threat, he might suggest they make an appointment with their doctor or go to urgent care instead. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jill Schildhouse, a writer who lives in Phoenix, regrets her ride to the hospital in an ambulance last year. When she dislocated her knee during a press trip at a vineyard in Sonoma County, the woman in charge insisted on calling 911.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt really wasn&#8217;t necessary for me to take an ambulance to the hospital,\u201d Schildhouse says. While the pain was excruciating, her life wasn\u2019t in danger, so she didn\u2019t see a reason to risk incurring a huge medical bill. \u201cAnyone could have driven me.\u201d Three months later, Schildhouse received a $2,000 out-of-network ambulance bill.<\/p>\n<h2>What happens when you call 911?<\/h2>\n<p>When you call 911, a dispatcher at a 911 call center answers and asks you a series of questions. Is the person unconscious? Are they breathing? The answers you give help determine which ambulance they\u2019ll dispatch.<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In many cases, the dispatcher will send the closest ambulance, and that could either be a private or a public one. For-profit companies run privately owned ambulances, while public entities like fire departments run public ones. You probably won\u2019t be able to tell the difference.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIt\u2019s really the luck of the draw,\u201d Bell says. \u201cAre you going to get the paid company or the volunteer company?\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Private companies almost always bill patients. Some volunteer agencies \u201csoft bill\u201d instead, meaning they won\u2019t send outstanding unpaid bills to a collections agency. Then other volunteer agencies won\u2019t bill at all.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Who\u2019s onboard an ambulance and what equipment do they have?<\/h2>\n<p>There\u2019s typically one emergency technician and one driver on board. An EMT is the basic certification. <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They can stabilize and transport a patient using basic equipment and perform interventions like bandaging wounds, performing CPR and administering oxygen. They can\u2019t do more advanced procedures like starting IVs or intubating unconscious patients.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some states have advanced EMTs, and they can do certain things basic EMTs can\u2019t, like insert an IV line. Paramedics are the most advanced responders. They can give all sorts of medications intravenously, like anti-seizure medications, anti-nausea medications and painkillers (including narcotics).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If a patient needs advanced care \u2014 if they\u2019re having chest pain, for instance \u2014 a dispatcher may send an ambulance staffed by paramedics instead of basic EMTs. In most cases, the more highly trained the personnel, the higher the ambulance bill. Both EMTs and paramedics need to be re-certified every few years.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>A person can ask an EMT or paramedic to take them to a specific hospital, but they won\u2019t always honor the request.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The nonprofit <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nremt.org\/rwd\/public\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> provides national certification and registration for U.S. EMTs at five levels. Most states have at least partially adopted NREMT certification, but many still follow their own policies and procedures for emergency responders.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Different states have different requirements for the supplies ambulances have to carry. Most stock bandages, cots, patient restraints, defibrillators, oxygen and an abdominal trauma pad, and they\u2019re inspected yearly to make sure they\u2019re properly equipped. In New York, for example, the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.health.ny.gov\/professionals\/ems\/public_health_law\/part_800.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">detailed list of equipment required by the New York State EMS code<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> also includes scissors, sterile burn sheets, tape, a blood pressure cuff and a stethoscope.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What happens when you get in an ambulance?<\/h2>\n<p>The EMT or paramedic first secures the scene. Next, they make sure the person\u2019s airway is clear from obstruction and that they\u2019re breathing. After that, they\u2019ll check circulation by taking the person\u2019s pulse.<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They then take cervical spine precautions, if necessary. That means the responder will keep a person\u2019s spine aligned if they\u2019ve been in a traumatic accident and are at risk of neurological injury.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All the while, the responder will ask detailed questions about how the injury happened and what the person is feeling. It\u2019s crucial information they relay to emergency workers at the hospital upon arrival.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Can you choose which hospital you go to, or even decline the ride?<\/h2>\n<p>A person can ask an EMT or paramedic to take them to a specific hospital, but they won\u2019t always honor the request. Bell says nine out of 10 times, the answer is no. \u201cYou can\u2019t drive past a hospital to go to another hospital if it\u2019s an emergency situation,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>What\u2019s more, hospitals specialize in certain conditions \u2014 trauma of varying degrees or stroke, for example. A patient in a severe car accident may need to be taken to a Level I trauma hospital, not their local ER, in order to get the best treatment.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If a person is alert and cogent, and not in a life-or-death situation, their request might be honored, says Mark Billock, an EMT with a private ambulance company in Crystal Lake, Illinois. But first, Billock needs approval from a doctor at the hospital responsible for overseeing all emergency care in the region. (In Illinois, this is called the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.team-iha.org\/quality-and-safety\/emergency-preparedness\/ems-terms-definitions\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">resource hospital<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The patient would have to sign an AMA (against medical advice) form acknowledging that the EMT explained the risks of going to a different hospital \u2014 namely, that their condition could deteriorate \u2014 and that they understand those risks. If the hospital they want falls outside the first responder\u2019s jurisdiction, another ambulance might come to transport them, and the patient could be billed by two separate ambulance companies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many insurance providers also only cover transport to the closest facility that can treat a person\u2019s condition, says Billock, and passing that facility based only on patient preference might mean additional charges.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Injured patients who refuse transport are asked to sign an RMA, which means \u201crefuse medical attention.\u201d If an ambulance arrives and a person doesn\u2019t need help, the ambulance can be \u201ccanceled\u201d at the scene, Bell says. Some patients aren\u2019t allowed to refuse an ambulance, though, including those with an altered mental state due to alcohol or drugs, brain injury or psychiatric illness.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>So, should you take an ambulance or not?<\/h2>\n<p>It depends. For certain injuries, speed is of the essence. A private car or rideshare can\u2019t use sirens or legally go 10 miles over the speed limit like ambulances in many parts of the U.S. can. But with an ambulance taking an average of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5831456\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">seven minutes to arrive at the scene<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a friend or family member\u2019s waiting car could still get you to the hospital faster.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gunshot and stabbing victims are far less likely to die if they\u2019re taken to the trauma center by private vehicles rather than emergency medical services, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">according to a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/news\/media\/releases\/hold_the_phone_an_ambulance_might_lower_your_chances_of_surviving_some_injuries\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">recent study<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weinstein in Philadelphia changed her tune after her heart attack. A month later, she got a kidney stone at a conference. She had better health insurance, let organizers call 911 and was happy to be in the back of an ambulance connected to an IV and monitoring equipment. \u201cFortunately, there was only a small copay,\u201d she says.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bell recommends that people educate themselves on how their local EMS is set up before an emergency happens. Are the majority of ambulances where you live volunteer or private companies? \u201cYou can\u2019t change who picks you up,\u201d Bell says, \u201cbut if you know what the scenario is likely to be, you\u2019ll have less anxiety in an already anxious moment.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"s1\">Ready to book a doctor&#8217;s appointment? Visit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/\"><span class=\"s2\">Zocdoc.<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h1>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When should you call 911? Are ambulance trips always a fortune? Can you choose which hospital treats you?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41,"featured_media":18428,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[227],"tags":[25],"class_list":["post-18427","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides","tag-emergency-care","reviewer-dr-nassim-assefi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Everything You Need to Know About Ambulances - Guides<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When should you call 911? Are ambulance trips always a fortune? 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