{"id":18481,"date":"2023-02-19T17:07:07","date_gmt":"2023-02-19T22:07:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thepapergown.zocdoc.com\/?p=18481"},"modified":"2023-03-06T11:24:48","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T16:24:48","slug":"how-to-read-your-medical-bill","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/how-to-read-your-medical-bill\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Read Your Medical Bill"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Receiving a medical bill can elicit anxiety, especially since it can be hard to predict what you&#8217;ll be charged for a doctor&#8217;s visit, a procedure or any other medical service. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you get an alarmingly high bill<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, you might feel too overwhelmed to deal with it. If it&#8217;s a small bill, you might be tempted to pay it without giving it a once-over, just to make it go away. But it&#8217;s worth scrutinizing every bill you receive, given that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.beckershospitalreview.com\/finance\/medical-billing-errors-growing-says-medical-billing-advocates-of-america.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">up to 80 percent of medical bills potentially contain errors<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/GMA\/story?id=127077&amp;page=1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An Equifax audit<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> found that hospital bills of $10,000 or more contained an average of $1,300 of billing errors; a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamainternalmedicine\/fullarticle\/2740802?guestAccessKey=9fba6e0c-f029-401a-9675-737db3e67b5d&amp;utm_source=For_The_Media&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=ftm_links&amp;utm_content=tfl&amp;utm_term=081219\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">study<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> published by the American Medical Association showed that after visiting an in-network hospital, 4 in 10 patients faced <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/how-to-protect-yourself-against-surprise-medical-bills\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">surprise bills<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. In 2016, the average price of a surprise bill was $628, up from $220 in 2010, according to the study.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You\u2019re entitled to an itemized bill, but you usually have to request it.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cPeople don\u2019t like to look at their medical bills,\u201d says Jon Hess, CEO of Athos Health, a Minnesota-based company that helps people decipher medical bills. \u201cIf a bill is within reason, people want to trust their doctor or their hospital. But many times, they\u2019re paying more than they have to.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You should comb every bill carefully for errors, Hess says. It\u2019s understandable if the idea of examining lists of billing codes doesn\u2019t excite you. But the task will seem less daunting if you understand what&#8217;s included on your bill \u2014 and how to look for things that shouldn&#8217;t be there. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So we broke down the process for you. Read this guide before you read your next medical bill.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"whenwillyougetabill\">When will you get a bill?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There aren&#8217;t regulations that dictate how long after a visit or a procedure you should receive a bill. It could be two weeks, or it could be a year. After a visit, a provider submits a claim to a patient&#8217;s insurance company. Then the claim needs to be processed, which can take time. Hospital billing procedures also vary. One facility might send bills immediately following care, while another waits to send them in batches. If it&#8217;s been two months and you haven&#8217;t received a bill yet, you may want to call your provider&#8217;s office and ask for it, says Caitlin Donovan, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">senior director of public relations at the National Patient Advocate Foundation.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>How are medical bills set up?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most doctors or hospitals will send you a summary medical bill that states how much money you owe, with very few details about the services you received.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You\u2019re entitled to an itemized bill, says Donovan, but you usually have to request it.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you get a summary bill, ask for an itemized one so you know what you\u2019re being charged for. An itemized bill will include a line for each service and medical supply you received, with the dollar amount for each one.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your bill will come directly from your doctor or the hospital where you received care. It\u2019s not to be confused with an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/your-eob-explained\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">explanation of benefits form, or EOB,<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which is a letter from your insurance provider explaining what services and supplies your health plan covered. An EOB says \u201cnot a bill\u201d on it.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What should you know about all the codes on bills?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In recent years, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aimseducation.edu\/blog\/how-has-medical-coding-billing-changed-over-the-years\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the number of medical billing codes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has jumped, from about 17,000 to 150,000. With such a massive number of codes, you can\u2019t expect to know every single one you come across. But understanding how codes work and how to look them up can help you spot potential errors.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are a few types of codes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>HCPCS Level I codes<\/strong>, <strong>or\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/i><strong><em><strong>C<\/strong>PT codes<\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><em>,<\/em><\/strong> are used by all U.S. providers, and they consist of five digits that correspond to different procedures or tests. They\u2019re often called service codes on your bill.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><i>HCPCS Level II codes<\/i><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0correspond to supplies or products used during your visit. Many times, these codes start with a letter instead of a number, but they\u2019re also called service codes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><i>ICD-10 codes<\/i><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> identify diagnoses. In the U.S., every billed service with a CPT code has to link to an ICD code to make sure the treatment matches the diagnosis. If a doctor is treating you for a single condition, all ICD-10 codes should be the same.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><i>Revenue codes<\/i><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are specific to a facility. They identify the dollar amount linked with a procedure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One way to look up HCPCS or\u00a0CPT codes, to make sure you\u2019re being billed for the care you received, is the\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/apps\/physician-fee-schedule\/license-agreement.aspx\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Medicare code lookup<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ignore the pricing information listed unless you\u2019re a Medicare recipient since Medicare\u2019s pricing is typically much lower than what private insurers pay. Enter the code on your bill, select \u201cAll Modifiers,\u201d and hit submit for an explanation of the code.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What are some common mistakes?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Common errors range from a misspelled name to the wrong code. \u201cIt\u2019s really easy to make a coding error,\u201d says <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Donovan<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When Donovan was on maternity leave, she tracked the number of errors in the multiple bills she received after the birth of her son. Out of 16 bills, half had errors, including listing an insurance company that wasn\u2019t hers and billing for the same service twice. Not questioning the bills would have left Donovan short $647 she didn\u2019t owe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hess, whose 15-year career as a healthcare consultant included working on systems used by hospitals to issue and collect bills, was incorrectly billed more than $100,000 for his daughter\u2019s heart surgery after a clerical error.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Common mistakes include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><i>Coding errors:<\/i><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The person entering codes used the code for a brand name drug when you took a cheaper, generic one. Or your sprained ankle was coded as a break.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><i>Duplicate charges or inflated quantities: <\/i><\/strong>You\u2019re charged for the same service multiple times. Or a coder adds an extra zero, and you end up being charged for 100 pills instead of 10.<\/li>\n<li><i><strong>Treatments you didn\u2019t receive:<\/strong> <\/i>While you were in the hospital, your doctor scheduled you for an MRI, but then decided you didn\u2019t need it. The test might still end up on your bill if no one removed it from your chart.<\/li>\n<li><strong><i>Incorrect surgery times: <\/i><\/strong>Operating room time is charged by the minute. If the time you spent in surgery is marked down incorrectly by a coder, you could be paying more than you should. If the time listed on the bill seems off, ask to see your medical record to see when your surgery started and stopped.<\/li>\n<li><strong><i>Wrong room fee charges: <\/i><\/strong>For hospital stays, it\u2019s not uncommon for someone who stayed in a shared room to be charged a private room fee. Sometimes, coders also mark down the wrong number of days, inflating bills.<\/li>\n<li><strong><i>Insurance issues: <\/i><\/strong>Your health insurance denies you coverage \u2014 either incorrectly or legitimately.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What should you check for when you get your bill?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First of all, keep your EOB handy, Hess says. Your EOB should arrive before your bill does. If it says you owe something and you don\u2019t get a bill, ask your provider or the hospital why they haven\u2019t sent one. It\u2019s possible your bill went to the wrong address. Unpaid bills can be sent to a collections agency, which could potentially affect your credit score.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When your bill arrives, check that your name, address, insurance information \u2014 including your health insurance provider, policy and group number \u2014 and the dates you received care are all correct. Then, make sure the amount on your bill matches what the EOB says you owe. If it doesn&#8217;t, call your insurance company and ask about the discrepancy.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cSometimes doctors order medications in a hospital setting, but the patient doesn\u2019t take it, yet gets billed for it anyway.&#8221;<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019ve requested an itemized bill, review each line item to make sure it reflects a service or product you received. \u201cSometimes doctors order medications in a hospital setting, but\u00a0the patient doesn\u2019t take it, yet gets billed for it anyway,\u201d says Donovan. You\u2019ll also want to make sure you weren\u2019t billed for any medications you brought from home.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Review the ICD-10 codes on your bill to make sure they match the reason you were in the hospital <\/span>or the condition for which you were treated<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Look for duplicate charges, and if you had surgery, review the timed operating room charge to make sure it squares with how long the doctor said your surgery took. Finally, add up the individual charges to make sure they equal the total amount listed on the bottom of your bill.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>You found a mistake \u2014 now what?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Call your doctor or the hospital and flag it. Sometimes it\u2019s an easy fix. Even so, be prepared for multiple phone calls. Donovan says that when one of the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Foundation\u2019s advocates<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> works with a patient, it takes an average of 22 phone calls to get an issue resolved.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Donovan suggests asking for a direct phone number for a specific billing professional so you don\u2019t have to keep reexplaining your issue to different people. If the prospect of disputing charges is too overwhelming, you could hire a professional medical billing advocate. For a fee, they\u2019ll review your bill and work with your provider to correct errors or negotiate charges.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cHaving an advocate generally leads to better outcomes for the patient,\u201d Donovan says.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>How much time do you have to pay your bill?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Typically, you have anywhere from three to six months before a provider or hospital sends a bill to collections. \u201cSome providers are more aggressive than others,\u201d Donovan says.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019re not paying the bill because you\u2019re <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/how-to-appeal-a-health-insurance-claim-denial\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">appealing a denial from your insurance company<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, write a letter to your provider explaining the situation and ask them to put your account on hold. Ninety-nine percent of the time, Hess says, the provider or hospital will do so for 30 to 90 days.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What should you do if your bill is sent to a collections agency?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Don\u2019t panic, and don\u2019t jump to pay it right away.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maybe your provider mailed your bill to the wrong address so you never received it. If that\u2019s the case, put it in writing that you\u2019re contesting the bill. The collections agency will then have to validate the bill with your provider. That gives you time, because the agency can\u2019t contact you again for payment until that process is complete.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Meanwhile, ask your provider for an itemized bill and review all charges for accuracy. If the bill is a big one, use the time to take stock of your finances. If you can pay your provider in full, that\u2019s your best bet, says Donovan.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cYou don\u2019t want to mess with your credit score,\u201d she says. You could also settle with the collections agency, which might mean paying less. But your credit score could also suffer. \u201cWeigh that carefully,\u201d Donovan says.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"negotiatehighbill\">If your bill seems high, can you negotiate?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All medical bills are negotiable. Doctors and hospitals want to get paid, so they\u2019ll work with patients on a discount and a lump sum settlement, or a payment plan, says Hess. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kff.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/8806-the-burden-of-medical-debt-results-from-the-kaiser-family-foundation-new-york-times-medical-bills-survey.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A medical bills survey<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from The Kaiser Family Foundation and the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New York Times<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> found that more than half of people with medical bill problems worked out a payment plan. \u201cWe can always get them down,\u201d Hess says.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cMedical billing is not an exact science. It\u2019s really an art.&#8221;<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Know what you can pay and research a fair price for the service. Look up the Medicare rate for the service you received, or use the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthcarebluebook.com\/ui\/consumerfront\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Healthcare Bluebook<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. That will be your starting point for what you\u2019ll offer to pay to settle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hess looks up the Medicare price and then multiplies that figure by 1.5, realizing the negotiation process will likely bring the final price up to twice that of Medicare. Explain how you arrived at your number when negotiating, he says.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Are there any protections for patients who can\u2019t pay?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Twenty-eight states have <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.consumerreports.org\/health-insurance\/congress-may-have-cure-for-surprise-medical-bills\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">laws in place to help patients who get surprise medical bills<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. New York passed the first one in 2014. Under its surprise bill law, patients no longer have to pay out-of-network charges for surprise out-of-network services that are higher than the patient\u2019s in-network copayment, deductible or coinsurance rate.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, for example, if a patient in New York was treated at an in-network hospital but saw an out-of-network doctor because no one in-network was available, they\u2019d be let off the hook for the potentially massive medical bill.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w23623.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A working paper<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0by Yale professors found that out-of-network bills in New York dropped by 34 percent since the law took effect. New Jersey recently passed a similar law, and Congress has eyed the New York law as a possible model for similar national legislation.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What can you do in the first place to prevent big bills?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ask your doctor to get a predetermination from your insurance company before you have a procedure, Hess says. A predetermination is a r<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">eview by your insurer\u2019s\u00a0medical\u00a0staff to decide if they agree you need the treatment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If your insurance agrees, you\u2019re protected, Hess says, and you don&#8217;t run the risk of being denied coverage and ending up with a big bill. Most providers don\u2019t do a predetermination automatically, he says, so you\u2019ll probably need to ask your provider for one.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Donovan\u2019s No. 1 tip for avoiding costly medical bills is to always stay in-network. Understand your healthcare benefits and what\u2019s covered, adds Hess.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cMedical billing is not an exact science,\u201d says Hess. \u201cIt\u2019s really an art. You have to ask questions and you have to negotiate.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"s1\">Ready to book a doctor&#8217;s appointment? Visit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/\"><span class=\"s2\">Zocdoc.<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h1>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A guide to help you decipher billing codes, spot errors and generally dread medical bills a little bit less. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41,"featured_media":20279,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[227],"tags":[78,163],"class_list":["post-18481","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides","tag-health-insurance","tag-weve-all-been-there","reviewer-dr-nassim-assefi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Read Your Medical Bill - Guides<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A guide to help you decipher billing codes, spot errors and generally dread medical bills a little bit less.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/how-to-read-your-medical-bill\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Read Your Medical Bill - 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