{"id":19840,"date":"2022-08-24T10:11:47","date_gmt":"2022-08-24T15:11:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/?p=19840"},"modified":"2023-03-06T15:40:47","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T20:40:47","slug":"doctors-debate-allergy-medicine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/doctors-debate-allergy-medicine\/","title":{"rendered":"Doctors Debate Allergy Medicine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More than <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/acaai.org\/allergies\/allergies-101\/facts-stats\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">50 million Americans<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> suffer<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> allergies each year. If you\u2019re one of them, you\u2019ve probably treated your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/uncategorized\/zocdoc-reports-a-year-in-allergies\/\">symptoms<\/a> with the myriad allergy medications sold on drugstore shelves. You may have found yourself overwhelmed by all the varieties.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each active ingredient in these allergy medicines works differently, with pros and cons to each. To understand how different allergy medicines compare in terms of safety and effectiveness, it helps to know how they work and what each does differently.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many over-the-counter allergy medications fall under the category of antihistamines. These medications combat the body\u2019s production of chemicals called histamines, which your body makes when it comes into contact with environmental triggers like pollen, animal dander, ragweed and dust mites. Those histamines are to blame for unpleasant symptoms like a runny or stuffy nose, itchy eyes and even rash-like hives on your skin. That\u2019s why medicines that reduce or block histamines can also alleviate certain allergy symptoms.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, there\u2019s a downside: Some antihistamine medications can have a sedative effect, which may not make them a viable option for people who need to put in a full day\u2019s work or operate heavy machinery (like driving a car).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not all allergy medicines contain antihistamine ingredients. Nasal decongestant medicines like <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pseudoephedrine<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Sudafed), for example, are often used to relieve allergy-related congestion. Some allergy medications will combine both nasal decongestant and antihistamine ingredients. For allergy sufferers who forgo antihistamines and decongestants altogether, corticosteroid creams and sprays are also a common over-the-counter option for treating allergy-induced sinus inflammation and skin itching.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In short, there are a lot of medications for allergy sufferers to choose from. We asked two <a href=\"https:\/\/book.zocdoc.com\/get-started\/allergists?\">board-certified allergists<\/a> to weigh in on a few of the most common varieties of allergy medication to help you find the best option for your symptoms and lifestyle.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Diphenhydramine<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diphenhydramine is the active ingredient in Benadryl. It\u2019s one of the oldest antihistamine medications on the market, dating back to the mid-1940s. Because of this and the pharmaceutical technology it uses, you may see it classified as a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aaaai.org\/allergist-resources\/ask-the-expert\/answers\/2021\/antihistamine\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">first-generation antihistamine<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Like other antihistamine drugs in the first-generation category, diphenhydramine blocks histaminic and muscarinic receptors in the body\u2019s brain and spinal cord \u2014 the culprits behind those pesky symptoms. Despite its status as the old, gold standard of allergy medication, the jury\u2019s out on whether first-generation antihistamines, including diphenhydramine, offer <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/353256520_Has_the_first_generation_of_antihistamines_any_advantages\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">any distinct advantages<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> over their <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aaaai.org\/allergist-resources\/ask-the-expert\/answers\/2021\/antihistamine\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">second-generation counterparts<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. In large amounts, this medication and others like it <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK482318\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">can even be toxic<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIt shouldn\u2019t be used daily, ideally,\u201d says <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/linktr.ee\/nycdoctor\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. Payel Gupta<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a New York City allergist<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u201cAnd [diphenhydramine] can make some people very sleepy.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dallas\u2013Fort Worth\u2013area allergist <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.southwesternhealth.org\/medical-staff\/nana-mireku\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. Nana Mireku<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> agrees. \u201cFirst-generation antihistamines such as diphenhydramine have more of a sedation effect than second-generation antihistamines,\u201d she says.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Loratadine<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This second-generation antihistamine is sold under the brand name Claritin. Loratadine mainly blocks histaminic receptors instead of both histaminic and muscarinic receptors. And unlike first-generation antihistamines, it doesn\u2019t cross the brain-blood barrier.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loratadine hit pharmacy shelves in the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2001\/03\/11\/magazine\/the-claritin-effect-prescription-for-profit.html#:~:text=In%20June%201980%2C%20when%20Schering,drug%20development%20was%20quite%20different.\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1980s<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and compared to its predecessors, it\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/neuroscience\/loratadine\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">faster-acting and longer-lasting<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. But loratadine\u2019s biggest perk is that it causes less drowsiness than first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIt might not be as effective for people as the other antihistamines,\u201d says Gupta. \u201cBut it shouldn&#8217;t cause as much sedation.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Cetirizine<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sold in the US under the brand name Zyrtec, cetirizine is another second-generation antihistamine medication. Like loratadine, the drug\u2019s allergy-fighting properties remain active for up to 24 hours. Cetirizine is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.drugs.com\/medical-answers\/zyrtec-claritin-difference-3122734\/#:~:text=Bottom%20Line,both%20last%20for%2024%20hours.\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">even faster-acting<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> than loratadine, requiring only about an hour to take effect.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mireku notes that, like other antihistamines, cetirizine is very effective at alleviating nasal itching, sneezing and runny nose symptoms from allergies. Some studies have also found this drug more effective than other antihistamines at <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/treating-urticaria-83240\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">treating hives<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. But Gupta warns that cetirizine has a higher likelihood of causing drowsiness than some other second-generation antihistamines.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Fexofenadine<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fexofenadine is a second-generation antihistamine sold under the brand name Allegra in the US. It\u2019s recommended for treating mild to moderate nasal allergy symptoms, and it has some serious perks over some of its competition \u2014 namely its minimal risk of drowsiness, according to Gupta. Fexofenadine is also <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2868610\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">potentially safer<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> than other antihistamines for breastfeeding parents to use.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are some drawbacks. Fexofenadine mixes poorly with juices from multiple fruits; apple juice, grapefruit juice and orange juice <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/drugs-supplements\/fexofenadine-oral-route\/side-effects\/drg-20067082?p=1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">should be avoided<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> when taking the drug. It is also not recommended that<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aafp.org\/pubs\/afp\/issues\/2014\/1015\/p548.html#sec-1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pregnant people<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> take this medication.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Fluticasone<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A nasal steroid spray sold under the brand name Flonase in the US, fluticasone works by attacking inflammation in the nasal cavity. It takes a little longer to relieve allergy symptoms than some antihistamines, but the effects tend to be longer-lasting. Mireku points out that it\u2019s also quite effective in treating itchy, watery eyes \u2014 a detail that\u2019s sometimes overlooked, as the medication is delivered nasally.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As for potential risks, Gupta says the localized delivery of fluticasone (it\u2019s a spray you apply right where you need it) makes it safe for long-term use. But, she adds, \u201cPatients with a history of cataracts or glaucoma should check in with their eye doctor to ensure that using a nasal steroid is okay, as they can potentially worsen these conditions.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Ready to book an appointment with an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/allergy-testing-guide\/\">allergist<\/a>? Visit <a href=\"https:\/\/book.zocdoc.com\/get-started\/allergists?\"><span class=\"s2\">Zocdoc.<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h1>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Popping a pill to treat your allergy symptoms? Experts the pros and cons of all the medications on the market. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":19841,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[227],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides","reviewer-dr-nassim-assefi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What&#039;s the Best Allergy Medication? Doctors Weigh In<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Popping a pill to treat your allergy symptoms? 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