{"id":19985,"date":"2022-11-17T10:01:51","date_gmt":"2022-11-17T15:01:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/?p=19985"},"modified":"2023-03-06T15:30:02","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T20:30:02","slug":"diabetes-101-your-guide-to-different-types","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/diabetes-101-your-guide-to-different-types\/","title":{"rendered":"Diabetes 101: Your Guide to Different Types"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sky-high <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usnews.com\/news\/business\/articles\/2022-08-05\/explainer-why-is-insulin-so-expensive-and-difficult-to-cap\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">insulin costs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have put diabetes in the news lately. When<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/library\/spotlights\/diabetes-facts-stats.html#:~:text=37.3%20million%20Americans%E2%80%94about%201,t%20know%20they%20have%20it.\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1 in 10 Americans<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have it, that\u2019s concerning enough. And yet, around 20 percent of people with diabetes don\u2019t know that they have it.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There\u2019s a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/library\/features\/diabetes_stigma.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">false notion<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that every person with diabetes made unhealthy food and lifestyle choices. But everything from family history to endocrine conditions<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can contribute to a diagnosis.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All types of diabetes have to do with your body\u2019s ability to produce or process insulin.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you eat, your digestive system converts food into glucose to fuel your body. Think of your bloodstream as a river; the hormone insulin acts as a fisherman, cleaning up any extra glucose to keep the ecosystem thriving and balanced.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If your body cannot generate or utilize the right amount of insulin to manage your blood sugar levels, you develop diabetes. The disease can affect every part of your body and can lead to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/managing\/problems.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">serious health issues<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> such as kidney disease, nerve disease, blindness, stroke or heart disease.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each type of diabetes has significant features. We break it down.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Type 1 diabetes<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Around 5 to 10 percent of people with diabetes have type 1 diabetes. Experts think type 1 diabetes stems from an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/basics\/what-is-type-1-diabetes.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">autoimmune reaction<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, in which antibodies in your body attack cells in your pancreas that produce insulin. Many people have no idea the attack is occurring until it\u2019s too late and they are showing symptoms.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since insulin is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/basics\/insulin-resistance.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">necessary<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for survival, people with type 1 diabetes rely on insulin injections for the rest of their lives. Your genetics, as well as certain environmental triggers, including some viruses, can increase your chances of developing type 1 diabetes. Unlike type 2 diabetes, diet and other factors don&#8217;t affect your chances of developing type 1 diabetes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most people who get a type 1 diagnosis do so <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/basics\/diabetes-type-1-diagnosis.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">around age 13 or 14<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, but babies and even people above 40 can receive diagnoses.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Prediabetes<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prediabetes is always a precursor to type 2 diabetes \u2014 it can\u2019t lead to type 1. Your doctor may diagnose prediabetes if your blood sugar levels are consistently higher than they should be but aren\u2019t quite at type 2 levels. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/basics\/prediabetes.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">estimates<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that more than 1 in 3 American adults is prediabetic \u2014 and more than 80 percent don\u2019t know it.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eating too much sugar itself <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mountsinai.org\/health-library\/special-topic\/diabetes-myths-and-facts\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">doesn\u2019t lead to prediabetes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, but being overweight can put you at a higher risk of prediabetes and diabetes. Other risk factors include an immediate family member with type 2 diabetes, a history of gestational diabetes, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or a sedentary lifestyle.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While prediabetes is not as serious as type 1 and type 2, it can still carry significant health risks and greatly increases your chances of developing type 2 diabetes.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Type 2 diabetes<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The vast majority of people with diabetes have <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aace.com\/disease-and-conditions\/diabetes\/type-2-diabetes\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">type 2 diabetes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, when your body can\u2019t make enough insulin and\/or use it effectively, resulting in high blood sugar levels.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This type often goes hand in hand with other health conditions, such as high blood pressure or high cholesterol. While experts don\u2019t know exactly what causes type 2 diabetes, research shows that you\u2019re at a higher risk of developing it if you are overweight, have a close family member that has diabetes, live a sedentary lifestyle or have had gestational diabetes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Type 2 diabetes cannot be completely cured or reversed. However, people can achieve remission \u2014 the ability to maintain their blood sugar levels below the diabetic range without needing medication \u2014 through careful diet and lifestyle changes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe most important factor is weight loss,\u201d says <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/about-niddk\/staff-directory\/biography\/cefalu-william\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. William Cefalu<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, director with the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. \u201cObesity contributes to increased blood glucose levels.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Gestational diabetes<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sometimes pregnant people without a prior history of diabetes <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/diabetes\/overview\/what-is-diabetes\/gestational\/symptoms-causes\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cannot produce enough insulin<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to regulate their blood sugar levels. Most pregnant people <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/diabetes\/overview\/what-is-diabetes\/gestational\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">should be tested<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for gestational diabetes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your ob-gyn may screen for gestational diabetes by administering a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/tests-procedures\/glucose-challenge-test\/about\/pac-20394277\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">glucose challenge test<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which measures your blood sugar levels after you drink a certain quantity of sugary liquid to see how well your body processes glucose.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This condition is treatable and relatively easy to diagnose. Many patients bounce back to their prediabetic levels of insulin balance after giving birth. Still, gestational diabetes can increase risks to you and your baby during pregnancy, as well as increasing future risk of type 2 diabetes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you are overweight, physically inactive, have high blood pressure or PCOS, have a history of heart disease or had gestational diabetes during a previous pregnancy, you have a <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/acog.org\/womens-health\/faqs\/gestational-diabetes\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">higher risk<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of developing gestational diabetes.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Common symptoms<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diabetes can hide behind many different symptoms. Some common indicators of type 1 and type 2 include increased thirst and urination, feelings of hunger and fatigue, unexpected weight loss, feeling tingly or numb in your hands and feet, blurred vision or unexplained dark rashes around your neck and armpits.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many women and pregnant people may not experience any symptoms of gestational diabetes, while others may notice that they\u2019re drinking more water or going to the bathroom more often than usual.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overall, it\u2019s important to distinguish between different types of diabetes so you\u2019re aware of how you and your doctor can prevent it in the future. Read our story on preventing diabetes and what happens if you do end up with a diabetes diagnosis.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Need a doctor? Find one on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/\">Zocdoc<\/a>.<\/h1>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From gestational diabetes to prediabetes, understand how different types of the disease work. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":89,"featured_media":19986,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[227],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides","reviewer-dr-nassim-assefi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Diabetes 101: Your Guide to Different Types - Guides<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Diabetes comes in many forms. 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