{"id":20615,"date":"2023-07-12T09:27:07","date_gmt":"2023-07-12T14:27:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/?p=20615"},"modified":"2023-09-06T07:17:04","modified_gmt":"2023-09-06T12:17:04","slug":"thinking-yourself-sick-psychosomatic-illness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/explainer\/thinking-yourself-sick-psychosomatic-illness\/","title":{"rendered":"Thinking Yourself Sick: Psychosomatic Illness"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imagine waking up one day with a throbbing headache, a racing heart and a sense of overwhelming fatigue. You visit your doctor, but after several rounds of tests and exams, they can&#8217;t find anything wrong. You feel frustrated and confused, and people around you might even suggest that you&#8217;re <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/healthcare-trends\/whats-the-opposite-of-the-placebo-effect\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">making up your symptoms<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This can feel isolating, but it\u2019s unfortunately common. If diagnosed properly, you may find that you share something in common with this percentage \u2014 you may have a psychosomatic illness that can affect your long-term health and well-being.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>What is psychosomatic illness?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In plain terms, a psychosomatic illness occurs when physical symptoms are caused or exacerbated by psychological factors like stress or anxiety. It is often difficult to diagnose these symptoms, as the cause is unclear. In some cases, patients may undergo unnecessary medical treatments to identify and treat a physical cause when in reality, the cause is psychological.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Psychological causes like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.apa.org\/topics\/stress\/body\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stress can greatly impact all of the systems in the body<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2014 from your respiratory system to your endocrine and reproductive systems and beyond. Mainly, stress and anxiety have been linked to changes in hormones, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5476783\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">immune function and inflammation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your automatic nervous system \u2014 which controls both physical functions like your breathing and heart rate along with psychological functions such as stress hormones \u2014 proves even further <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.health.harvard.edu\/staying-healthy\/understanding-the-stress-response\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the interconnection between psychological and physical processes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Changes in one can affect the other, leading to a range of physical symptoms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Psychosomatic illnesses are not &#8220;all in a person&#8217;s head&#8221; or a sign of weakness. They are real conditions that require appropriate diagnosis and treatment, which may include both psychological and medical interventions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Potential symptoms of psychosomatic illness<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Psychosomatic illnesses can present themselves in many ways, and you must <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/how-to-recognize-your-mental-health-needs\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">look for signs in both your mental<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and physical health. From here, you can receive timely and appropriate treatment, which can improve your chances of recovery.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are some possible symptoms of psychosomatic illness:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chronic pain or discomfort in the back, neck or stomach.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Digestive issues, such as bloating, diarrhea or constipation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chest pain or heart palpitations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Headaches or migraines.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fatigue or weakness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Skin rashes or other dermatological issues.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sexual dysfunction or loss of libido.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Muscle tension or spasms.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These symptoms can also be indicative of other conditions, so you should work with a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment. Additionally, prioritize self-care and stress-reduction techniques to prevent psychosomatic illness from developing or worsening.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Causes of psychosomatic illness<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As mentioned, psychosomatic illness is a very real condition, and like any condition, it typically has a cause or range of causes, including:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stress and anxiety, particularly <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/common-health-conditions-worsened-by-stress\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">chronic or long-term stress<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trauma or unresolved emotional issues.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depression or other mood disorders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poor coping skills or lack of social support.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A history of physical or sexual abuse.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Additional chronic or serious medical conditions, particularly those that have a significant impact on daily life.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Certain medications or medical treatments, which can cause physical symptoms as a side effect or lead to stress or anxiety.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Getting to the root of the cause can help you feel faster and prevent future psychosomatic symptoms from occurring.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Potential effects of psychosomatic illness<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To spot a psychosomatic illness, look for the following effects:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Physical symptoms that interfere with daily life and functioning.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increased stress and anxiety.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduced quality of life and ability to participate in daily activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increased healthcare costs and use of medical services.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Difficulty managing symptoms and finding an effective treatment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If these short-term effects are left untreated or the cause behind these effects is undiagnosed, you may expect a range of long-term effects, including:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chronic physical symptoms that can persist even after treatment of the underlying psychological issue.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Development of other physical or mental health conditions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Impaired immune system functioning and increased risk of illness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduced life expectancy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Social isolation and difficulty maintaining relationships.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Impaired work or academic performance and decreased career opportunities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why psychosomatic illness can be difficult to diagnose<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite the varied effects a psychosomatic illness can have on a person, it\u2019s often misdiagnosed among medical professionals. There are a variety of reasons for this, including:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stigma and lack of awareness among healthcare professionals.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Limited time and resources available for medical appointments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overreliance on medical tests and imaging.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patient reluctance to disclose emotional or psychological symptoms or history.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Difficulty distinguishing between psychosomatic illness and other conditions with similar symptoms.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lack of standardized diagnostic criteria and assessment tools for psychosomatic illness.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There has also been <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.apa.org\/monitor\/2013\/07-08\/symptoms\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">disagreement among medical professionals<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on how to properly diagnose and treat psychosomatic illnesses. Some believe that psychosomatic illnesses should be treated for purely psychological causes and others believe it should only be treated for physical causes when it should be treated for both.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What is Munchausen syndrome?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Psychosomatic illnesses may be misdiagnosed as Munchausen Syndrome because the physical symptoms of psychosomatic illness can be difficult to explain or diagnose. What\u2019s more, there\u2019s a tendency to seek out unnecessary medical interventions, which can also be misconstrued as Munchausen Syndrome.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Munchausen Syndrome, also known as a factitious disorder, is a mental illness in which a person intentionally <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/001555.htm\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fakes or exaggerates physical or psychological symptoms<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to receive medical attention or sympathy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While psychosomatic illness is a physical and psychological condition, Munchausen Syndrome is a mental illness that involves intentional deception.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>The potential impacts of disbelief from medical providers and others<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Misdiagnosis caused by a provider\u2019s disbelief, although common, can affect a patient in a variety of ways, including:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Delayed diagnosis and treatment of underlying medical conditions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Worsening physical symptoms.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increased anxiety and stress.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feelings of frustration, anger, and hopelessness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decreased quality of life.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Providers that discredit their patients may also cause long-term effects, including:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chronic pain and fatigue.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The development of mental health disorders, such as depression and anxiety.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Impaired immune system function.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Social isolation and difficulty maintaining relationships.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decreased ability to perform daily activities and maintain employment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What to do if your doctor doesn\u2019t believe you<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imagine experiencing persistent physical symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness and stomach pain for several months. You&#8217;ve visited your primary care physician multiple times, but your <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/how-can-women-get-doctors-to-acknowledge-their-pain\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">doctor has been dismissive<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and hasn&#8217;t ordered any diagnostic tests. In this situation, it\u2019s completely normal to feel lost, invalidated and unsure. Don\u2019t be fooled though \u2014 you can prevent a misdiagnosis by taking several actions in the short and long term.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the short-term:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Be an advocate for yourself.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seek a second opinion elsewhere.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keep a symptom diary to provide more detailed information to your doctor.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ask for referrals to a specialist who can provide more targeted diagnostic tests and treatment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the long-term:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Educate yourself on your symptoms and their potential causes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Join a support group of people experiencing similar symptoms.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taking charge of your health can be an empowering step toward finding the right team of doctors and providers.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Managing a long journey to diagnosis and treatment<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once you find a doctor who supports you and seeks to treat your symptoms, diagnosis can still be elusive. Gaining a proper diagnosis is a journey, and like any journey, it isn\u2019t stagnant. You\u2019ll constantly need to seek out new doctors and new treatments. To see any kind of improvement in your diagnosis and treatment, you must consider the following:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Be open and honest with your medical provider about your symptoms.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seek out a mental health professional such as a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/therapist-counselors\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">therapist<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/psychiatrists\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">psychiatrist<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stay persistent in your suspected diagnosis, but also stay open to the idea that the cause of your symptoms may be unclear.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Try different <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/procedure\/radiofrequency-ablation-2329\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">treatments and therapies<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, including medication, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/doctors\/massage-therapists-licensed\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">massage therapy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, talk therapy, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/doctors\/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-near-me\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cognitive-behavioral therapy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and complementary therapies such as acupuncture or mindfulness practices.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Take care of yourself both physically and emotionally.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even though finding a diagnosis and proper treatment may be a journey, there is still hope that you\u2019ll find an ending worth waiting for.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Need a doctor? Find one on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/\">Zocdoc<\/a>.<\/h1>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There\u2019s a difference between psychosomatic illness and \u201cfaking it\u201d; discover what psychosomatic illness is, the symptoms and causes, and how to treat it. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":20591,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[247],"tags":[12,41,69,71],"class_list":["post-20615","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-explainer","tag-anxiety","tag-mental-health","tag-the-psychology-of-being-a-patient","tag-therapy","reviewer-dr-nassim-assefi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Thinking Yourself Sick: Psychosomatic Illness - Explainer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"There\u2019s a difference between psychosomatic illness and \u201cfaking it\u201d; 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