{"id":20618,"date":"2023-07-12T09:42:06","date_gmt":"2023-07-12T14:42:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/?p=20618"},"modified":"2023-09-06T07:18:21","modified_gmt":"2023-09-06T12:18:21","slug":"how-to-seek-support-and-management-for-c-ptsd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/explainer\/how-to-seek-support-and-management-for-c-ptsd\/","title":{"rendered":"How To Seek Support and Management for C-PTSD"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) is surprisingly common. Recent research found this specific condition, caused by chronic trauma, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31800131\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">affects 3.8% of the population<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with 3.4% of people suffering from standard PTSD.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the latest version of the International Classification for Diseases (ICD-11), C-PTSD is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse11\/l-m\/en#\/http:\/\/id.who.int\/icd\/entity\/585833559\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">listed as its own condition<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. In previous ICD systems, there was no distinction between it and standard PTSD.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As many as <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/cptsdfoundation.org\/what-is-complex-post-traumatic-stress-disorder-cptsd\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">70% of adults<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> experience some form of trauma during their lifetime, so the estimates may actually be low. Also, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aafp.org\/pubs\/afp\/issues\/2003\/1215\/p2401.html#:~:text=The%20diagnosis%20of%20PTSD%20may,substance%20abuse%2C%20or%20other%20comorbidities.\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">diagnosis may be difficult<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with some people unable to link their symptoms to traumatic events and others confusing them for a different mental illness, such as clinical depression, anxiety, or substance abuse.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A wide range of treatment options are available, including cognitive behavioral and exposure therapies and medications. With support from mental health specialists, people with C-PTSD can overcome their symptoms.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What is C-PTSD?<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.verywellmind.com\/what-is-complex-ptsd-2797491\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Complex post-traumatic stress disorder<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a relatively new designation. Mental health researchers found that people who experience repetitive trauma, such as ongoing abuse or torture, suffer from additional symptoms not experienced with standard PTSD.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C-PTSD often comes from childhood trauma. Symptoms can be similar to other dissociative or personality disorders, sometimes making diagnosis difficult. Also, because the patient may be years removed from trauma, defining the cause of C-PTSD can be a challenge.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Because of the different causes and symptoms, C-PTSD requires unique treatment approaches. However, with proper assistance, a C-PTSD patient can deal with the symptoms and address the underlying causes of their condition.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Symptoms of C-PTSD<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Though there is an overlap between PTSD and C-PTSD symptoms, the latter also has distinct features associated with emotional development and exposure to long-term trauma.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are the symptoms common to both PTSD and C-PTSD.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both conditions can cause flashbacks to traumatic memories. A patient will relive the trauma repeatedly because of these episodes.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trauma sufferers may have physical and emotional reactions caused by a trigger that reminds them of past violence or abuse. According to the ICD-11 listing, this \u201cre-experiencing\u201d can be as intense and traumatic as the original event.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Those with PTSD often try to avoid situations, events, or places that remind them of the trauma.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients often relive the trauma through repeated nightmares about the events or about experiencing similar traumas.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both PTSD and C-PTSD can cause angry or aggressive outbursts or lead to emotional numbness and the inability to experience joy or fun.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C-PTSD has <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.beautyafterbruises.org\/what-is-cptsd\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">additional symptoms<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that make it a unique condition requiring specific treatments.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C-PTSD patients have difficulty regulating emotions. They may be excessively sad or depressed, violently angry, or extremely apathetic. They may be unable to define emotions or describe how they are feeling, adding additional challenges to diagnosis and treatment.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some people with this condition may develop dissociative disorders causing them to block out large portions of their memories, making defining the trauma more challenging.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Repeated trauma can cause relationship and trust issues. Patients may avoid close friendships or romances or engage in extremely short but intense relationships that they cannot sustain. They may also mistrust kindness, thinking that a helpful person has an ulterior motive.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ICD-11 listing also warns of an increased risk for suicide and self-medication with drugs or alcohol.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Causes of C-PTSD<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C-PTSD is possible in people who experience repeated trauma or were immersed in traumatic situations over months or years.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are some specific examples of such traumas.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Undergoing physical or sexual abuse by a caregiver or authority figure during childhood;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Experiencing or witnessing domestic violence at home;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Being tortured repeatedly or held against your will for an extended time;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Living in a war zone or being in multiple combat situations while in the military;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Being a victim of sex trafficking or forced labor\/slavery.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Childhood neglect can lead to C-PTSD even without direct abuse. Other traumas, such as grief after <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/healthy-grieving-how-to-cope-with-loss\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">losing a loved one<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, may cause <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/sudden.org\/help-for-friends-and-communities\/grief-disorders-and-ptsd\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PTSD symptoms<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, but won\u2019t lead to C-PTSD without additional factors.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Long-term effects of C-PTSD<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C-PTSD can have long-term effects on mental and emotional health and can <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/common-health-conditions-worsened-by-stress\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">impact physical health<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by causing illnesses or worsening existing conditions. The issues can extend to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/mental-health-in-college-a-guide-for-students-and-families\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">education, professional development<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, family life, and socialization.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) points to various studies linking PTSD with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptsd.va.gov\/professional\/treat\/cooccurring\/ptsd_physical_health.asp\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">higher risks of gastrointestinal and cardiovascular illnesses<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These studies also point to increases in respiratory illnesses and cancers after trauma.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">People with C-PTSD may be isolated because they avoid specific situations and struggle to maintain relationships.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The extra stress hormones produced by re-experiencing trauma or ongoing anxiety can <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptsduk.org\/10-unexpected-physical-symptoms-of-ptsd\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">impact your immune system<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, increasing the risk of illnesses like immune disorders or cancers.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These effects can be compounded by substance abuse issues often associated with PTSD.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>How is C-PTSD diagnosed?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The avoidance and dissociative aspects of C-PTSD can make diagnosis difficult, as can the fact that the abuse or repeated trauma took place during childhood long before the patient sought help.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mental health and medical professionals <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/traumaticstress.nhs.wales\/children-and-young-people\/resources\/diagnosis-ptsd-cptsd\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">look for primary PTSD symptoms<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and then assess the patient further to detect behaviors and reactions that might indicate C-PTSD.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PTSD indicators include avoiding trigger situations, hypervigilance, and reliving the trauma. A C-PTSD diagnosis requires additional signs, including relationship difficulties, isolation, and the inability to regulate emotions or responses to trigger situations.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some people who experience traumatic events do not develop C-PTSD. Therefore, psychologists and therapists will start with the presence of symptoms instead of investigating the patient\u2019s past trauma first.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What is the treatment for C-PTSD?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Treatments can vary for C-PTSD patients. Evidence-based options include talk therapy, visualization, oral and intravenous medications, and other techniques. In addition, patients can focus on their overall health, wellness, and relaxation.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ncans.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/PE-CPT-Poster-Presentation_Modi_Smith_Wright.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) and prolonged exposure (PE)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are usually the first treatment options for PTSD and C-PTSD. They focus on getting the patient to confront the trauma, reprocess it, or respond differently.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depending on the patient, psychologists may try other evidence-based approaches, such as <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/doctors\/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-near-me\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cognitive behavioral therapy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These could be used to address specific symptoms or as the main approach to treatment.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.apa.org\/ptsd-guideline\/treatments\/eye-movement-reprocessing\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> uses a technique called bilateral stimulation to change the way the brain processes the event. The patient will still recall the trauma, but it won\u2019t feel as vivid or elicit an intense emotional response.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/procedure\/transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-tms-1298\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Transcranial magnetic stimulation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> uses magnets to change the electrical patterns in the brain. It works for a variety of mental illnesses, including PTSD and clinical depression.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2011\/10\/111004113800.htm\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cortisone injections<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> may alleviate the symptoms of PTSD or keep trauma sufferers from developing it in the first place.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Visualization, guided meditation, or <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/doctors\/massage-therapists-licensed\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">massage therapy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can C-PTSD sufferers relax and deal with the muscle pain and stiffness, and excessive hormone production that usually accompanies the condition.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">People with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mirecc.va.gov\/cih-visn2\/Documents\/Patient_Education_Handouts\/Coping_with_PTSD_and_Recommended_Lifestyle_Changes_Version_3.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">healthy lifestyle habits<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> respond better to PTSD and C-PTSD treatments than those who do not adopt these changes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Healthy coping strategies for C-PTSD<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most C-PTSD patients need extensive therapy and regular meetings with mental health professionals. However, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/what-is-self-care-psychologically\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">self-care practices<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can speed recovery and limit symptoms.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/what-is-self-care-psychologically\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Psychological self-care<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> involves adopting <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/guides\/signs-you-may-be-using-an-unhelpful-coping-mechanism\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">coping mechanisms<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to deal with C-PTSD symptoms, practicing techniques learned in therapy, and solidifying cognitive changes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can be aware of situations and events that trigger memories or reactions and practice techniques to deal with these responses before they happen.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the help of a therapist, you can develop calming techniques that focus your mind and lessen the severity of your response.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can develop a support system by letting trusted family and friends know about your triggers and planned responses. They can provide support when needed or give you time and space to perform calming exercises.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/therapist-counselors\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">work with a therapist<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to create coping strategies and select and test techniques for dealing with C-PTSD effects.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Community support for C-PTSD<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Support groups are available online and in person. For example, the C-PTSD Foundation offers an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/cptsdfoundation.org\/safe-support-groups\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">online support group<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Psychology Today offers <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/groups\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">resources for finding in-person groups<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nami.org\/Support-Education\/Support-Groups\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> offers access to a nationwide support network.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">People with C-PTSD will likely coordinate their treatment through a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/psychologists\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">psychologist<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or a treatment center with a staff of mental health professionals and treatment specialists.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Need a doctor? Find one on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/\">Zocdoc.<\/a><\/h1>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Patients can manage complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) with a combination of methods.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":20192,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[247],"tags":[12,19,41,71,104,83],"class_list":["post-20618","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-explainer","tag-anxiety","tag-depression","tag-mental-health","tag-therapy","tag-trauma","tag-wellness","reviewer-dr-nassim-assefi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How To Seek Support and Management for C-PTSD - Explainer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Patients can manage complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) caused by chronic trauma with a combination of therapy, medication, alternative treatments, and healthy coping strategies.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zocdoc.com\/blog\/explainer\/how-to-seek-support-and-management-for-c-ptsd\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How To Seek Support and Management for C-PTSD - 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