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Annual Pap Smear/GYN Exam

A Pap smear, also called a Pap test, is a quick and relatively painless cervical screening procedure recommended for women aged 21 and older. During a Pap smear, cells from the cervix are gently extracted and examined in order to check for any cell changes and other cell abnormalities that could be an indication of cervical cancer. Pap smears do not directly detect cervical cancer but help determine any precancerous changes on the cervix. Cells collected from the cervix during a Pap test may also be tested for human papillomavirus, also known as HPV. An HPV infection is considered as a principal risk factor for cervical cancer. While HPV vaccines have proven to be effective, these are not to be considered a substitute for the tests.

A Pap smear screening can be conducted during a general pelvic exam. It is essential to get these screenings done, as there are no visible signs to spot the advancement of cervical cancer. The frequency of the tests is subjective to your age and the severity of your condition and results, as assessed by your doctor. While these tests can be done even when you’re menstruating, there is a chance that the blood and tissue could hamper the test results, so it is best-advised to keep this in mind when booking your appointment.

Cervical cancer

Symptoms of cervical cancer

In most cases, there are no evident symptoms of cervical cancer until it has advanced to a much later stage. This makes it essential to get regular checkups and detect it early on. After the cancerous development, some of the visible symptoms could be:

• Bleeding caused by sexual activity.
• Heavier periods.
• Pelvic pain.
• Irregular discharges.

Risk factors of cervical cancer

• The most recognized risk factor of cervical cancer is human papillomavirus infection. 
• Smoking can lead to harmful chemicals being absorbed through the lungs into the bloodstream. Not only can this can cause lung cancer, but also other types of cancers.
• Being overweight.
• Having a weakened immune system.

Read about other risk factors for cervical cancer on the American Cancer Society website.

Common questions and answers about Pap smears

What can I expect during my visit for a Pap smear?

• Questions about family history of cervical cancer and about the results of any screenings you may have had in the past.
• Questions around your sexual activity.
• During the procedure, the doctor uses a speculum to widen the vaginal walls while the doctor extracts cells from your cervix.
• It is common to experience slight discomfort or pressure during the procedure. However, if the pain is extreme, inform your doctor immediately.

Where can I find a nearby practitioner?

At Zocdoc.com! You can book an appointment with top-rated practitioners who perform Pap smears in your location. Booking is simple, secure and free!

What are some quick tips to help me prepare for my Pap smear?

• Write down any questions or concerns you may have beforehand so that you don’t forget them.
• Reach out to your doctor’s office to learn about any prescreening precautionary measures you can take.
• Check to see if the practitioner is covered by your insurance provider.

How much does a Pap smear cost?

The cost of a Pap smear screening varies, depending on factors such as your location, insurance and the doctor you visit. 

Sources: 

Foundation for Women’s Cancer

American Cancer Society

Mayo Clinic

The content herein is provided for general informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Medical information changes constantly, and therefore the content on this website should not be assumed to be current, complete or exhaustive. Always seek the advice of your doctor before starting or changing treatment. If you think you may have a medical emergency, please call your doctor or 9-1-1 (in the United States) immediately.